Enhancing clarity on export controls in cloud computing

The unclear application of the ‘Dual-Use Regulation’ on cloud computing services risks creating different interpretations and significant divergences across Member States. This threatens the EU’s harmonisation goals while limiting access to benefits such as improved security, cost savings, and advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning – technologies that can play a key role in monitoring compliance and detecting potential export control violations. By developing detailed guidance in line with the these recommendations, the Commission can clarify how exports controls apply to the context of cloud computing.